The concept refers to the virtue of respect, obedience, and care for one’s parents and elder family members. This encompasses not only providing for their physical needs but also honoring them in life and after death through ancestor veneration. The practice involves showing deference, fulfilling their wishes where possible, and maintaining the family’s reputation. For example, in traditional Chinese society, sons were expected to work diligently to support their parents in their old age and perform elaborate rituals to commemorate their ancestors.
Its significance lies in its role as a cornerstone of social order and stability. It promoted hierarchical relationships within families and, by extension, within society as a whole, reinforcing the authority of elders and rulers. Historically, it legitimized the rule of emperors who were seen as the fathers of their people. The promotion of this ideal fostered a sense of community and continuity, linking generations through shared values and responsibilities. This concept served as a powerful unifying force and influenced ethical and political thought for centuries.
